In a significant judicial order delivered by the XXXIII Additional City Civil and Sessions Judge and Special Judge for NDPS cases at Bengaluru, the court allowed the bail application filed by Ravindra Rathod. The case, registered by the Mahadevapura Excise Police Station under Crime No. 123/2021-22, involves offences punishable under Sections 8(c) and 20(b)(ii)(B) of the Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985. The order reinforces established legal standards regarding intermediate contraband quantities, confirming that non-commercial quantities do not attract the strict bail restrictions under Section 37 of the NDPS Act.

Background of the Case

The criminal proceedings commenced on June 18, 2022, when the Excise Inspector of Mahadevapura Range received credible information at around 10:00 AM. The tip-off reported that an individual was selling contraband ganja on Old Madras Road, opposite ITI Club Road, towards Dooravani Nagar Road, Bengaluru.

Upon informing superior officers and obtaining permission, the Excise team conducted a raid at 12:00 PM and intercepted the suspect holding a black college bag. Inspection of the bag revealed dry ganja wrapped in brown tape across two packets. When weighed, the contraband totaled 4 kilograms and 290 grams.

Representative samples were drawn for chemical analysis, and a seal was affixed to the seized contraband. The contraband was seized under a spot seizure panchanama, and Crime No. 123/2021-22 was registered. The petitioner—Ravindra Rathod, aged 34, residing in Bidar district, Karnataka—was arrested on June 18, 2022, produced before the jurisdictional Magistrate, and remanded to judicial custody.

Contentions of the Petitioner

Represented by advocate Sri N.R., Ravindra Rathod filed a bail application under Section 439 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (Cr.P.C.) urging the following grounds:

• Innocence and False Implication: The petitioner asserted that he was innocent, a law-abiding citizen with no knowledge of the alleged crime, and had been falsely implicated by extraneous elements.
• Procedural Non-Compliance: It was contended that mandatory statutory safeguards under Section 50 as well as Sections 41, 42, 52, and 47 of the NDPS Act were not complied with during search and recovery operations.
• Intermediate Quantity Classification: The defense emphasized that the seized quantity of 4.29 kg of ganja fell well below the commercial quantity threshold.
• No Criminal Antecedents: The petitioner stated that he had no bad antecedents and was the sole earning member of his family.
• Willingness to Comply: Being a permanent resident of Karnataka, he offered to furnish reliable sureties and abide by any conditions imposed by the court to secure his release.

Objections by the Prosecution

The prosecution, represented by the Public Prosecutor, strongly opposed the bail petition on the following grounds:

• Seizure of Contraband: The investigating agency seized 4.29 kg of dry ganja directly from the physical possession of the accused following a personal search and spot panchanama.
• Severity of Punishment: The alleged offence carries rigorous imprisonment for a term extending up to 10 years along with a fine.
• Risk of Flight: Alleging that the petitioner was a habitual drug dealer, the prosecution argued that granting bail would risk him absconding and hampering the ongoing investigation.

Judicial Findings and Legal Analysis

The presiding judge, Smt. B.S. Jayashree, evaluated the prosecution records and centered the analysis on whether the contraband quantity triggered the strict bail restrictions under Section 37 of the NDPS Act.

Classification of Ganja Quantity

As per Notification S.O.1055(E) issued by the Ministry of Finance (Department of Revenue) on October 19, 2001 (Sl. No. 55):

• Small Quantity for Ganja: Up to 1,000 grams (1 kg).
• Commercial Quantity for Ganja: 20 kilograms or more.

The court observed that the total recovery of 4 kg 290 grams of ganja falls between 1 kg and 20 kg, placing it firmly in the intermediate quantity category.

Applicability of Precedents and Section 37 NDPS Act

The court relied on the Supreme Court judgment in Birbal Prasad v. State of Bihar (2018 11 SCC 488), where the Apex Court granted bail for possession of 14 kg of ganja (a non-commercial quantity) in the absence of prior criminal records.

Applying this legal principle, Judge B.S. Jayashree observed:

1. When the quantity of contraband seized is less than commercial quantity, the strict rigors of Section 37 of the NDPS Act do not apply.
2. Factors governing bail revert to regular statutory considerations under the Cr.P.C. unless exceptional adverse circumstances are demonstrated by the prosecution.
3. The major portion of the investigation was complete as the incriminatory contraband had already been seized and the petitioner’s voluntary statement recorded.
4. The alleged offence does not carry penalties of death or life imprisonment, making further custodial interrogation unnecessary.
5. Prosecution fears regarding flight risk or trial delay can be adequately compensated by imposing stringent bail conditions.

Final Order and Terms of Bail

Answering Point No. 1 in the affirmative, the court allowed Crl.Misc.No.6169/2022 on July 5, 2022, ordering the release of Ravindra Rathod on regular bail.

Key Conditions Imposed:

1. Personal Bond: The petitioner must execute a personal bond for Rs. 1,00,000/- with two sureties for the like sum.
2. Police Station Attendance: He must report before the Investigating Officer once a month (preferably on the first Monday) between 10:00 AM and 2:00 PM until the filing of the charge sheet or further orders.
3. Jurisdictional Restrictions: He shall not leave the court’s jurisdiction without prior permission.
4. Non-Interference: He must not tamper with prosecution witnesses or abscond.
5. Investigation Cooperation: He must fully cooperate with the Investigating Officer during the investigation.
6. No Re-Offending: He shall not commit similar offences or any crime while on bail.
7. Identity Verification: He must furnish photo ID proof and local address proof documents for himself and his sureties.
8. Court Appearance: He must appear before the court on all scheduled hearing dates.

The court explicitly noted that any breach of these conditions would entail immediate cancellation of the bail.